The 3Rs (replacement, reduction, refinement) are a set of principles that provide an internationally accepted framework toward achieving more humane scientific research by minimizing animal distress.

Learn how to select the best research methodology for your PhD, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Covers data collection, analysis, and ethical considerations. One of the most ...

So-called new approach methodologies (NAMs) including human cell-based microphysiological systems (MPS) are poised to revolutionize preclinical science and improve the success rate of candidate ...

On November 8, 2025, the Faculty of Education at East China Normal University hosted a grand ceremony to present the second ...

With three years spent researching, comparing, and testing software products, Tyler Webb is an expert on all things telecommunications. With work featured on GetVoIP.com, he's written over 150 ...

The ICP is a complex international statistical exercise, and its methodology has evolved over several decades. The 2021 cycle maintained the same core methods and procedures applied in the 2011 and ...

Researchers have employed Bayesian neural network approaches to evaluate the distributions of independent and cumulative ...

An intelligent manufacturing framework integrates robotics, IoT monitoring, and data analytics to optimize automotive production. The research ...