Functional integral equations constitute a broad class of problems in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. These equations play a pivotal role in modelling complex phenomena in ...

Stochastic Volterra integral equations provide a powerful framework for modelling systems in which memory effects and hereditary properties play a central role. These equations extend the classical ...

How to solve simultaneous equations using graphs. How much is each ticket? Draw a bar to represent one adult and two children’s tickets. Let’s call the adult ticket 𝑦 and the child ticket 𝑥. Another ...