Efficiency is a key design criteria for almost all components and systems on a piece of heavy-duty equipment—as well as for the machine itself. Hydraulics are one of the many areas in which ...

Heavy machinery is entering a new phase where hydraulics, electronics and embedded software are engineered as one integrated system. Using model-based systems engineering (MBSE) as a framework to ...

In order to measure the mechanical properties of materials in compression, tension, bending or torsion, a universal testing machine is utilized. This article outlines the two different types ...

So that it may be certain that a concrete specimen’s mechanical properties reach the strength and deflection imperatives for its intended use, concrete specimens with specific dimensions are prepared, ...